How Do Algorithms Optimize Demand-Responsive Transport at Padam Mobility

In today’s increasingly connected cities, mobility solutions must adapt quickly to changing passenger needs. At the heart of this transformation are algorithms, sets of rules that enable computers to solve problems, make decisions, and optimize processes automatically. But how do these algorithms work in practice, and what makes Padam Mobility’s approach unique?

What Is an Algorithm?

An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure that a computer follows to solve a problem or achieve a goal. In transport, algorithms manage routes, schedules, and bookings, helping operators deliver services that are faster, more reliable, and more cost-effective. They analyze constraints, process large volumes of data, and propose optimized solutions in real time.

“The purpose of computing is insight, not numbers.”

- Richard Hamming, mathematician and computer scientist

This quote highlights that Padam Mobility's algorithms are not just about calculations, they generate actionable insights that improve passenger experience and operational efficiency.

‍From Traditional to Smart Demand-Responsive Transport‍

Historically, demand-responsive transport (DRT) relied on manual processes. Reservations were taken by phone, and operators grouped trips with limited tools. This often led to inefficiencies, longer travel times, and suboptimal use of vehicles.

Padam Mobility has transformed DRT through advanced algorithms that automate trip allocation and continuously optimize services.

Key Levers of Optimization

The algorithms focus on several operational parameters to improve efficiency:

• Pick-up and drop-off time margins: Ensuring passengers are picked up and dropped off within acceptable windows.
  
• Detour rates: Limiting the extra distance a passenger travels compared to the direct route.
  
• Vehicle prioritization: Assigning trips to vehicles based on availability and workload
• Dynamic reallocation: Adjusting assignments in real time as new bookings come in.

These levers allow operators to offer a high-quality service while reducing travel distances, saving costs, and maintaining consistent schedules.

Online vs Offline Algorithms

Padam Mobility uses two complementary types of algorithms: online and offline. Each serves a specific purpose in optimizing DRT operations.

How It Works in Practice

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Online algorithm: When a passenger searches for a trip, the system filters available vehicles, respecting constraints like time windows, maximum detour rates, and vehicle capacity. The algorithm displays only the most relevant options, ensuring fast and accurate booking.

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Offline algorithm: After bookings are made, the offline algorithm reorganizes reservations across the fleet. It reduces total kilometers traveled, balances workloads among vehicles, and optimizes routes for future services.

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Padam Mobility's offline optimization has demonstrated up to 10% reduction in kilometers, saving hundreds of kilometers per service period.

Continuous Optimization

The offline algorithm also runs continuously, adjusting after each new reservation to maintain optimal routing. By respecting detour limits and time margins, the system ensures passengers are picked up and dropped off within promised windows, while the service remains efficient and predictable.

"Traditional planning is like letting dishes pile up all week. Our algorithm cleans the kitchen every hour, keeping your transport operations spotless and efficient, day after day."

- Matthieu Lormeau, R&D team / Engineer & MaaS Project Manager at Padam Mobility

Benefits for Passengers and Operators

By combining online and offline algorithms, Padam Mobility delivers:

• Shorter travel times
  
• Reliable schedules
  
• Reduced operational costs
• Simplified management for operators

This combination of real-time responsiveness and strategic optimization makes demand-responsive transport more efficient, accessible, and sustainable.